常减压蒸馏装置节能问题剖析与技改实践

Energy Saving Analysis and Technical Reform of Refinery Atmospheric and Vacuum Unit

常减压蒸馏装置是炼油企业能耗较大的装置之一,其能耗约占炼油总能耗的25%~30%。文章对常减压蒸馏装置的节能问题进行了全面剖析,并选取国内几个代表性的同类装置进行对比,确定降低燃料消耗是日常生产调整和节能优化的工作重心。根据能量守恒定律并结合现场实际,确定降低燃料消耗措施:一是提高加热炉热效率;二是提高原油换热最终温度,依此制定了有针对性的实施方案。实施后原油换热终温由279℃升高到299℃,加热炉热效率提高了近4.0%,装置能耗由原来的10.55 kgEO/t降低至9.52 kgEO/t,大幅度提高了装置经济效益,对同类装置的绿色低碳运行具有一定借鉴意义。

Atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is one of the largest energy-consuming units in refineries. Its energy consumption accounts for 25% to 30% of total energy consumption. This article makes a comprehensive analysis of its energy saving problem, with several similar typical units in China selected for comparison, and suggests that reducing fuel consumption should be the focus in daily operation adjustment and energy saving optimization. According to the law of conservation of energy and the actual operation, the measures identified to cut fuel consumption are improving the furnace heat efficiency and increasing the final temperature of crude oil heat exchange, by which to work out a targeted solution. After implementation of the solution, the final temperature of crude oil heat exchange rises from 279℃ to 299℃, the furnace heat efficiency increases by nearly 4.0%, and the energy consumption of the unit reduces from 10.55 kgEO/t to 9.52kgEO/t, achieving remarkable economic benefits, which offers a reference for green and low-carbon operation of similar unit.