我国民族地区高等职业教育发展水平评估——基于高职教育发展指数的证据

Evaluation on Development Level of Higher Vocational Education in Minority Nationality Regions of China——Based on Development Index of Higher Vocational Education

借鉴教育发展指数相关研究成果,从教育机会、物质投入、师资力量、教育产出等四个维度构建高职教育发展指数,并对民族地区高职教育发展水平进行统计测算。发现民族地区高职教育发展水平整体偏低,且各地区共性与差异性并存,共性表现在民族地区高职教育发展水平整体低于全国平均水平,而差异性是指民族地区高职院校在各项指标上发展不均衡。据此民族地区高职教育发展应当标准与差异共生、赶超与特色并存,同时转型高职教育补偿机制,实现精准补偿、精准发展。

Based on the related research results from the education development index, the development index of higher vocational education is constructed in such four dimensions as education opportunity, material input, teacher strength and education output while the development level of higher vocational education in the minority nationality regions is calculated. It is found that the development level of higher vocational education in the minority nationality regions is generally low, and the similarities and differences of the higher vocational education in the minority nationality regions are in co-existence, while the common performance is that the level of higher vocational education in the minority nationality regions is lower than the national average. However, the difference is that the higher vocational colleges in the minority nationality regions develop unevenly on various indicators. Thus, in the development of higher vocational education in the minority nationality regions, the standard ones and substandard ones would be allowed to co-exist while the advanced ones and characteristic ones would be allowed to coexist. At the same time, the compensation mechanism of higher vocational education should be transformed to achieve a precise compensation and accurate development.