重视结直肠腺瘤癌变的精准防治

Pay attention to precise prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma carcinogens

近年来,结直肠癌发病率持续升高引起广泛重视。结直肠腺瘤是结直肠癌最主要的癌前病变,防治结直肠腺瘤是减低结直肠癌发病率和死亡率的重要途径。结直肠腺瘤的发生与多种因素相关,如饮食、烟酒摄入、体重、年龄及家族史等。结直肠腺瘤的治疗包括内镜下切除和手术治疗,术后病理评价至关重要。通过积极开展筛查、生活方式的改善以及化学预防等方式,可对结直肠腺瘤癌变进行个体化精准防治。

Lately the incidence of colorectal cancer （CRC） continuously rises, and has caused widespread concern. Colorectal adenoma （CRA） is the most important precancerous lesion of CRC, thus the prevention and treatment for the carcinogenesis of CRA can be regarded as a significant strategy to reduce the incidence and mortality of CRC. CRA has been reported to be related to various factors, such as diet, alcohol and cigarette intake, body weight, age and family history. The treatment for CRA includes endoscopic resection and surgery; and the postoperative pathological evaluation is crucial. The precise strategy in the prevention and treatment of CRA may include colonoscopy screening, lifestyle improvements and chemical prevention.