民国时期罪犯心理研究状况考察及其评价

An Investigation and Evaluation on the Criminal Psychology Research Status in the Period of the Republic of China

民国时期,因西方心理学的引进和监狱改良使得罪犯心理研究得到重视。从监狱学校开设心理学课程到监狱官考试增设犯罪心理学内容,从狱务研究所设置犯罪心理学科目到大学心理学系举办犯罪心理学选修课,从新式监狱试点配备心理测试员到司法行政部增添专业人员负责罪犯心理工作,揭开了民国时期监狱科学行刑的序幕。由于当时中国心理学处于初创时期,人才缺乏,新式监狱数量较少,受战争影响,罪犯心理作为一门应用心理学未能诞生。

During the period of the Republic of China, introduction of western psychology and prison improvement made it possible for attention to be paid to research on criminal psychology. Inclusion of psychology to the curriculum of prison schools and addition of criminal psychological contents to the examination for recruitment of pison officers,inclusion of criminal psychology as the research item of prison research institutes and addition of criminal psychology as an elective course in department of psychology, allocation of psychological testers in the new pilot prisons and addition of professionals to the Judicial administration offices who are responsible for criminal psychological work opened the beginning of scientific execution in prisons during the period of the Republic of China. Criminal psychology did not come to birth as applied psychology because of preliminary stage of psychology in China, shortage of talents, the small number of new tpye proson schools, and the impact of wars.