国有土地使用权出让合同的法律性质分析

Legal Analysis of the Contract for the Transfer of the Right to Use State-owned Land

国有土地使用权出让合同究竟属于民事合同抑或行政合同于司法实务界引发了严重争议,国有土地使用权出让合同法律定性困局源自法律定性不明、"公共利益"或"行政管理目标"概念模糊、相对人合法权益实现难等多层次因素。而国有土地使用权出让合同法律定性疑惑之根源在于不同位阶的法律规范内部冲突、最高人民法院相关观点矛盾以及指导性案例等相关裁判的模糊处理等多方面原因。因此,现阶段判断国有土地使用权出让合同"行政合同"性质应从考量合同订立之目的要素、根据受侵害权益具体形式区分合同类型、善用诉讼手段平衡权力制约与权利保障以及复杂案件的特定化处理等多重视角入手,从长远来看应制定《行政合同法》解决相应问题。

It has aroused serious controversy in judicial practice that whether the contract for the transfer of the right to usestate -owned land belongs to civil contracts or administrative contracts. Difficulties in defining the legal nature of thecontract for transferring the right to use the state-owned land derives from many factors, such as unclear legal nature, thevague concept of ＂public interest＂ or ＂administrative goal＂, and the difficulty in realizing the legal rights and interests ofrelevant people, and are rooted in the internal conflicts of the legal norms of different ranks, the contradictions of theopinions related to the Supreme People＇s court and the fuzzy handling of the relevant referees as well as the guiding case.Therefore, judging the nature of the ＂administrative contract＂ of the contract for transferring the right to use the state-owned land should take the following factors into consideration-the conclusion of the contract, the types of contractaccording to the specific form of the infringed rights and interests, balancing of power restriction and rights protection bymeans of litigation, and specific treatment of complicated cases. The administrative contract law should be formulated tosolve the corresponding problems in the long run.