商标权犯罪客体适用问题研究

Research on the application problems of criminal object in the trademark right

从我国现有的法律规定来看,商标权是私权,商标权犯罪是法定犯,商标权刑法保护的犯罪客体是一种超私权的经济秩序。刑法对于商标权的保护应该是以经济安全为标准,对商标权犯罪客体的研究能够区分犯罪行为是否应当按照侵犯商标权犯罪来认定。权利人的私权是商标权刑法保护的前提条件,但不是充分条件。对商标权犯罪客体的考量因素应当包括社会的现实状况、刑法立法的谦抑性以及刑事司法的实效性。所以,正确地界定商标权犯罪客体的范围,有助于解决实践当中商标权的合理使用和商标权用尽原则的刑法界定。

According to the existing laws and provisions in China, the trademark right is a private right, the crime of trademark right is a legal offense, and the object crime protected by the trademark right criminal law is a kind of economic order of super private right. The protection of trademark right in the criminal law should be based on the economic security, and the study on the criminal object of trademark right can distinguish whether the criminal act should be identified based on the crime of trademark right infringement. The private right of the right holder is the precondition for the protection of trademark right criminal law, while it is not the sufficient condition. And the consideration of the criminal object of trademark right should include the social reality, the modesty of criminal law legislation and the effectiveness of criminal justice. So it is helpful to solve the definition of the rational use of trademark right and the principle of exhaustion of trademark rights in practice by defining the scope of criminal object of trademark right correctly.