“美国利益优先”战略背景下中美经贸摩擦升级的风险及中国对策

The Risks of Sino-US Economic and Trade War under the America Interest Priority Strategy and China's Countermeasures

2018年7月6日美国对中国产品强征进口关税,中国被迫反制,由"美国利益优先"战略引发的中美经贸摩擦升级至贸易战。"美国利益优先"战略融合了国家安全政策、"以邻为壑"贸易政策、利己的贸易新规则、国内法凌驾世界贸易组织(WTO)之上以及肆意破坏WTO规则的做法,这些行为使中美经贸摩擦升级带来的风险主要表现在商品贸易、产业政策、知识产权、金融开放、贸易保护主义和单边主义等各个方面。因此,中国采取的对策主要有:要深刻地揭露"美国利益优先"战略的实质,做出应对中美贸易持久战的预案;要大幅减税,细化负面清单,优化投资环境,加强知识产权保护,实施反垄断审查制度;要加大宣传此轮人民币贬值是市场力量反应的观点,同时要管控好金融开放风险;要高举WTO自由贸易的旗帜,把推动中国经济增长和增加就业作为国内经济发展的第一要务,消减中美经贸摩擦升级带来的风险。

On July 6 th, 2018, the US imposed import duties on Chinese goods and following with China＇s anti-tariff, and the risk of Sino-US economic and trade frictions upgrading and even trade war was ignited. The findings show that ＂America interest priority ＂ strategy combines national security policy, ＂beggar the neighbor＂ trade policy, the new trade rules of egoism, domestic law overriding the WTO, and the wanton destruction of the WTO rules. These have gestated the risk of US foreign economic and trade frictions. The risk of Sino-US economic and trade frictions upgrading is shown in the escalation of risk in commodity trade, the increasing risk of industrial policy and intellectual property rights, the increasing risk of China＇s financial opening and the increasing risk of trade protectionism and unilateralism in the multilateral system. The Chinese countermeasures are as follows： we should reveal the essence of the ＂America interest priority＂ strategy and making a plan to deal with persistent friction; we should reduce taxes substantially, refine the negative list to optimize the investment environment, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights and implement the anti-monopoly review system; we should publicize that it is a response to market forces in this round of RMB depreciation; we should hold high the banner of WTO free trade and make it a top priority to promote China＇s economic growth and increase employment, so as to reduce the risks caused by economic and trade frictions.