汽车用6×××系铝合金及其冲压成形性研究综述

Research overview of 6××× series aluminum alloys for automobile and its stamping performance

铝合金具有比强度大、成形性好、导热性好、耐腐蚀及性价比高等优点,能够满足汽车轻量化的需求。对6×××系铝合金板材的研究现状作了综述,主要内容包括6×××系铝合金的合金元素、织构、力学性能和冲压成形性。6×××系铝合金板材与钢板相比,其成形性、刚度和抗凹陷性都较低,为使合金板材更好地满足汽车轻量化的需求,应综合考虑合金元素、织构、热处理状态和成形工艺等方面对成形性能的影响,优化合金板材的冲压成形性,研制出综合性能更优的车身板材,以提高汽车车身用铝量。

6 × × × series aluminum alloys can meet the needs of automobile lightweighting due to their high specific-strength,good formability,excellent thermal conductivity,super corrosion resistance and high cost performance. The review has been conducted on the research status of 6 × × × series aluminum alloy sheets. It mainly covers their alloying elements,texture,mechanical properties and stamping performance. The formability,stiffness and dent resistance of 6 × × × series aluminum alloy sheets are lower than those of IF steel.Further studies should be concentrated on how alloying elements,texture,heat treatment states and forming processes influence the formability of the sheets,in order to improve their formability,meet the needs of automobile lightweighting,develop better car body sheets,and increase the amount of aluminum used in automotive.