三重视角下的英国专业博士学位教育发展研究

An Analysis on the Development of Professional Doctorate Education in UK from Three Perspectives

20世纪80年代,英国社会对"学者型专业人员"的需求、高等教育市场化下的大学自身逻辑发展以及个人专业发展需要等因素,共同催生了专业博士学位教育。近40年英国专业博士学位教育日臻成熟,对英国社会、高校、个人都产生了积极影响,形成了三位一体的正向反馈模式。当前英国专业博士项目依然面临着社会、高校、个人等方面诸多困境与挑战,其根本解决措施就是更卓有成效地提升专业博士生在工作实践中的研究能力。有鉴于此,我国应坚定信心并鼓励专业博士学位教育发展,规避出现类似于英国专业博士教育发展过程中的诸多问题,使之更好地服务"双一流"建设,为我国社会、经济、科技的发展添油助力。

The origins of professional doctorate education in the United Kingdom was motivated by factors including the social need for scholastic professional employers,the rational solution of universities under the condition of market-oriented development of higher education,and individuals’needs of personal development since 1980’s.A positive feedback system was built by society,universities and professionals and made a great progress with the development of the past 40 years of professional doctorate education in UK.Nevertheless,universities in UK may need to find a solution to improve students’research ability in the workplace in order to confront its difficulties and challenges in recent years.Hence,for the development of China’s higher education,we should have faith in overcoming issues and encouraging the development of professional doctorate education,avoid problems that the universities in UK have encountered,and make contributions to the construction of＂Double World Class＂and social,economic,and technology development.