体力活动对减少妊娠糖尿病与氧化应激的益处

The benefits of physical activity during pregnancy to reduce the prevalence of gestational diabetes and oxidative stress

现代社会营养品质、生活习惯和体力活动的改变增加了肥胖的易感性,它可以对妊娠结果产生不利影响。特别是久坐不动的生活方式导致血液功能障碍,对孕妇心血管功能产生影响。其分子机制是一氧化氮的合成和生物利用度的改变。而一氧化氮的多少由抗氧化剂调节内皮细胞的容量决定。这些改变影响母亲和胎盘的血管健康,而它们的健康又是胎儿健康发育的关键因素。胎盘氧化应激除了增加母亲全身血管阻力,也影响胎儿-胎盘血流量。这些改变可以影响到新生儿的蛋白质组学和代谢组学。因此产妇超重与肥胖、胰岛素抵抗及妊娠期糖尿病的高患病率,都急需我们建立公共政策支持妊娠期间体力活动来应对。

Changes in quality of nutrition,habits,and physical activity in modern societies increase susceptibility to obesity,which can deleteriously affect pregnancy outcome. In particular,a sedentary lifestyle causes dysfunction in blood flow,which impacts the cardiovascular function of pregnant women.The mainmolecular mechanism responsible for this effect is the synthesis and bioavailability of nitric oxide,a phenomenon regulated by the antioxidant capacity of endothelial cells. These alterations affect the vascular health of the mother and vascular performance of the placenta,the key organ responsible for the healthy development of the fetus. In addition to the increases in systemic vascular resistance in the mother,placental oxidative stress also affects the feto-placental blood flow. These changes can be integrated into the proteomics and metabolomics of newborns. Therefore, The increases of overweightness and obesity in pregnancy,insulin resistance and high prevalence of gestational diabetes need us to establish a public policy to support physical activity during pregnancy.