小儿骨科住院患儿上呼吸道感染多因素分析与防控措施研究

Multivariate analysis of upper respiratory tract infections in hospitalized children of pediatric orthopedics department and prevention measures

目的分析骨科住院患儿上呼吸道感染影响因素与防控措施。方法选取2016年1月-2017年9月骨科住院患儿220例,采用回顾性方法对住院患儿临床资料进行观察,应用单因素及多因素Logistic回归模型分析骨科住院患儿上呼吸道感染的影响因素,应用流式细胞仪检测患儿免疫状况。结果 220例骨科住院患儿发生上呼吸道感染34例、感染率15.45%;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,父母教育程度、户外活动次数/周、蔬菜和水果类摄入次数/周、病房环境、抗菌药物使用时间/年、儿童气质类型(难养型)、抗菌药物预防使用是骨科住院患儿上呼吸道感染独立影响因素;上呼吸道感染患儿CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+水平与未感染患儿比较,差异无统计学意义。结论小儿骨科住院患儿上呼吸道感染因素多样,加强相关因素防控与干预,利于降低骨科住院患儿上呼吸道感染率、减轻家庭经济负担。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the influencing factors for upper respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children of orthopedics department and put forward the prevention measures.METHODS A total of 220 children who were hospitalized the department of orthopedics from Jan 2016 to Sep 2017 were enrolled in the study,the clinical data of the hospitalized children were retrospectively analyzed,the univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for influencing factors for the upper respiratory tract infection in the hospitalized children,and the immune state of the children was detected by using flow cytometry.RESULTS Of the220 hospitalized children of the orthopedics department,34 had upper respiratory tract infections,with the infection rate 15.45%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors for the upper respiratory tract infections included level of education of parents,frequency of outdoor activity,frequency of intake of fruits and vegetables,ward environment,time of use of antibiotics,temperament and prophylactic use of antibiotics.There were no significant differences in the levels of CD3^＋,CD4^＋,CD8＋and CD4^＋/CD8^＋between the children with upper respiratory tract infections and the children without the infection.CONCLUSION There are a variety of factors for the upper respiratory tract infections in the hospitalized children of orthopedics department.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention of related factors and take intervention measures so as to reduce the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections and relieve economic burden.