基于热电制冷的电池模组热特性试验研究

Experimental Study on Thermal Characteristics of Thermoelectric Cooling based Battery Module

本文依据单位面积制冷量和能效值β两个参数,选用TEC1-12711T150作为电池模组的核心制冷元件;搭建了具有泡沫铜和石蜡复合传热结构的电池模组（3×5阵列）试验台;设计3组对照试验：自然对流方式、液冷方式和热电制冷方式,分别测试电池模组在不同换热方式、不同发热功率下的热特性,验证热电制冷技术在电池模组热管理方面的可行性。试验表明：单体电池发热功率为2 W时,热电制冷片（Thermoelectric cooler TEC）冷却方式下电池模组历时约1 280 S后可趋近稳定状态,且达到稳态时电池模组最高温度仅有31. 5℃,远低于液冷方式的44. 5℃。

Thermoelectric refrigeration technology is an emerging technology which can realize the trans- formation of electric energy and heat energy. When the two ends of the TEC （Thermoelectric Cooler） are connected to a direct current, the upper and lower surfaces can form cold end surface and hot end sur- face, respectively. In this paper,TEC1 -12711T150 was selected as the core refrigerating elements of the battery module, according to the unit area refrigerating quantity and the energy efficiency value 13. Second- ly, a battery module （3 x 5 array） test bed with foam copper and paraffin composite as heat transfer struc- ture was built. Finally, three control tests were designed： natural convection,liquid cooling and TEC cool- ing. And the thermal properties of the battery module in different heat transfer mode and different heating power were tested in order to verify the feasibility of thermoelectric refrigeration technology in the thermal management of battery module. The results showed that in 2 W heating power, the battery module managed by TEC cooling can reach steady state after 1 280 S approximately, and the highest temperature is only 31.5℃, which is far lower than 44.5 ℃ obtained under the liquid cooling.