92例儿童泌尿系结石临床特点分析

Study on 92 cases of children urinary calculi clinical characteristics

目的分析儿童泌尿系结石的临床特点,为开展个体化预防提供理论依据。方法选择2014年12月至2015年12月本院收治的125例次泌尿系结石患儿,共获得92例结石样本,分析其患儿的年龄、性别、居住地、结石位置及构成成分。结果 92例患儿中男69例,女23例,平均年龄(4.32±3.69)岁。年龄≤1岁的患儿20例,1~3岁的患儿33例,4~14岁的患儿35例,各年龄组患儿所占比例差异无显著性。本组患儿中上尿路结石(87/92)明显多于下尿路结石(5/92),单侧结石(76/87)明显多于双侧结石(11/87),差异有显著性(P<0.05),且结石成分构成比与成人泌尿系结石存在明显差异。结论儿童泌尿系结石以上尿路结石及单侧结石多见,且其结石成分与成人存在明显不同,依据结石成分进行个体化治疗和预防有助于减少儿童泌尿系结石的复发,减轻对泌尿系统的损伤。

Objective Retrospective analysis of children patients with calculi and study calculi composition, to provide theoretical support for individualized prevention. Method Calculi samples collected from Children with urinary calculi during December 2014-December 2015. Analyzed children age, sex, residence and calculi compositions. Result From December 2014 to December 2015, 125 children with urinary calculi in our hospital were treat with FURS or PCNL. 92 cases had calculi samples. 69 were male and 23 cases were female. Mean age was 4.32±3.69 years old. 20 cases were less than 1 year old. 33 cases were between 1 to 3 years old. 35 cases were between 4 to 14 years old. There was no significant difference about the incidence of urinary calculi between different age groups. The upper urinary tract calculus（87/92） was higher than lower urinary tract calculus（5/92）. And the unilateral calculus（76/87） was higher than the bilateral calculus（11/87）. Children stone compositions were difference compared with the adult. Conclusion children urinary calculi ingredient compositions were obvious difference with adults. The prevention is especially important after surgical treatment, according to the calculus composition. Individual treatment and prevention to child is important.