清华简《治邦之道》初探

A Preliminary Examination to the Book Zhi Bang zhi Dao in the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips

《治邦之道》是即将出版的《清华大学藏战国竹简》(捌)中的一篇文献,现存简27支,简长约44.6厘米,三道编。简文原无篇题,因有"此治邦之道,智者智(知)之"之语,整理者遂取"治邦之道"来命名。全篇围绕如何治国安邦展开,简文作者从其自身视角,对于国家的治理方案提出了中肯的建议,从内容看,应是一篇与墨学有关的佚文。墨学在战国时期曾为显学,但此前与墨学相关的出土材料较为有限,《治邦之道》的发现,有助于推动墨学及先秦思想史的研究。

The Zhi Bang zhi Dao(The Way to Run the State) is one book in vol. 8 of the Qinghua Daxue Cang Zhanguo Zhujian(The Warring-States Bamboo Slips Collected by Tsinghua University) to be published soon. It consists of 27 extant bamboo slips bound together by three lines of cords. The text had no original title; because there is the sentence of "ci zhi bang zhi dao, zhi zhe zhi zhi 此治邦之道, 智者智(知) 之(this is the way to run the state, which the wise men know)" in the text, the reviewers then named this book with the phrase " Zhi Bang zhi Dao( The Way to Run the State) ". The content argued the ways of governing and tranquilizing the state: the author presented feasible suggestions for the management of the state in his personal perspective, showing that it would be an article related to the Mohism lost in the history for thousands of years. In the Warring-States Period, the Mohism was an influential school of thought, but the textual materials related to this school were rarely unearthed in the past; the discovery of "Zhi Bang zhi Dao" will be helpful for improving the studies on the Mohism and the pre-Qin intellectual history.