航运联盟空箱调运决策模型

Decision Model of Shipping Alliance Empty Container Repositioning

目的研究航运公司之间合作调箱紧密程度对空箱调运总成本的影响。方法考虑空箱调运时间窗,以空箱调运总成本最小为目标,建立航运联盟空箱调运决策模型,然后通过具体算例,研究"资源不共享、运力共享、空箱共享、运力和空箱同时共享"这4种调箱策略,以及空箱调运时间窗和经济参数变化对空箱调运总成本的影响。结果与资源不共享策略相比,运力共享策略、空箱共享策略、运力和空箱同时共享策略下空箱调运总成本分别减少了4.90%,2.11%,6.28%。结论通过加大航运公司之间合作调箱的紧密程度,不仅能降低其空箱调运总成本,而且也能削弱空箱堆存费率和租赁费率的增加对空箱调运总成本的影响,以及弱化空箱调运时间窗对空箱调运总成本的影响,但空箱调运费率和运费加成因子的增加会缩小合作调箱紧密程度的优势。

The work aims to study the impact of tightness degree in cooperative empty container repositioning between shipping companies on the total cost of empty container repositioning. Considering empty container repositioning time window, with the minimization of the total cost of empty container repositioning as objective, the decision model of shipping alliance empty container repositioning was established. Then, through a specific example, the influence of four empty container repositioning strategies（including ＂resource not sharing strategy, shipping capacity sharing strategy, empty container sharing strategy, and simultaneous sharing of shipping capacity and empty container strategy＂）, ty container repositioning time window and the change of economic parameters on the total cost of empty container repositioning was studied. Compared with the resource not sharing strategy, the total cost of empty container repositioning under the shipping capacity sharing strategy, empty container sharing strategy, and simultaneous sharing of shipping capacity and empty container strategy were reduced by 4.90%, 2.11% and 6.28%, respectively. In concision, by strengthening the tightness degree in cooperative empty container repositioning between shipping companies, both the total cost of empty container repositioning and the influence of increasing cost rate in holding and leasing empty containers on the total cost of empty container repositioning can be weakened, and the influence of empty container repositioning time window on the total cost of empty container repositioning can also be lessened; nevertheless, the increase of cost rate in repositioning empty container and freight royalty factor may decrease the superiority in the tightness degree of cooperative empty container repositioning.