面向轻量化的TRB结构碰撞性能研究

Research on crashworthiness of TRB structure for lightweight

轧制差厚板（Tailored Rolled Blank,TRB）是一种新型的厚度连续变化的板料,与传统的等厚板相比,其在满足碰撞安全的前提下,材料分配更加合理,因此具有良好的轻量化特性。目前对TRB的研究工作主要是针对其轧制精度和成形特性,而对TRB结构的耐撞性能研究较少。因此,首先对TRB帽形梁进行了准静态和动态的试验研究;其次,采用BT壳单元建立了TRB帽形梁的压溃模型,并通过试验数据验证了有限元模型的有效性。最后,采用基于非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）和代理模型的优化方法对单工况及多工况下的TRB帽形梁进行优化设计。结果表明,TRB结构的多工况优化不仅能提高结构的耐撞性能,而且能为实际的多工况问题提供一系列折衷的解。

Tailored Rolled Blank（ TRB） is a new type of sheet metal with continuously variable thickness. Compared with conventional uniform thickness sheet metal,the material distribution is more reasonable with satisfaction of crash safety,so it has better lightweight properties. At present,the research on TRB is mainly aimed at the rolling precision and forming characteristics,and the crashworthiness of TRB structures was less studied. Therefore,the quasi-static and dynamic crushing tests for TRB with top-hot structure were carried out.Then,the crash model of TRB with top-hat structure was established by the BT shell element,and the effectiveness of FE model was verified by the test data. Finally,based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm（ NSGA-II） and meta-modeling technique,the optimization design of TRB with top-hat structure under the quasi-static/dynamic loading case and multiple loading cases was conducted. The results show that the optimization design under multiple loading cases not only improves the crashworthiness of structure,but also provides a series of compromise solutions for the practical problems under multiple loading cases.