UV/H2O2及活性炭过滤对消毒副产物和条件致病菌的控制

Control of disinfection by-products and opportunistic pathogens using UV/H_2O_2 and active carbon filtration

为了考察UV/H_2O_2-活性炭过滤对水体中消毒副产物和条件致病菌的控制效果,采用原水-加氯、原水-活性炭过滤-加氯以及原水-UV/H_2O_2-活性炭过滤-加氯消毒进行了对比研究。对不同处理出水中溶解性有机碳(DOC)、生物可降解有机碳(BDOC)、有机物不同结构组成、消毒副产物、总细菌16S r RNA、三磷酸腺苷(ATP)及条件致病菌等相关指标进行测定分析。结果表明,UV/H_2O_2-活性炭过滤通过去除有机物中富里酸和腐殖酸类物质可以有效控制DOC浓度和后续消毒过程中消毒副产物三卤甲烷和卤乙酸类物质特别是三氯甲烷、二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸的生成。另外,UV/H_2O_2高级氧化也可以有效灭活颗粒黏附态和自由悬浮态的微生物,而UV/H_2O_2-活性炭过滤可以很好地控制BDOC浓度,再通过后续加氯消毒后微生物再生长能力弱,微生物活性也得到有效抑制,该工艺可以很好地控制微生物包括条件致病菌嗜肺军团菌和鸟分枝杆菌的生长。UV/H_2O_2-活性炭过滤可以很好地控制后续加氯消毒过程中消毒副产物的生成和条件致病菌的生长,有一定的应用前景。

In order to investigate the effects of UV/H2O2 and active carbon filtration on control of disinfection by-products（DBPs） and opportunistic pathogens（OPs） in drinking water, different water treatment processes including raw water-chlorination, raw water-active carbon filtration-chlorination, and raw water-UV/H2O2-active carbon filtration-chlorination, were studied in this experiment. The dissolved organic carbon（DOC）, biodegradable dissolved organic carbon（BDOC）, different constituents of organic matters, disinfection by-products, 16 S r RNA of total bacteria, adenosine triphosphate（ATP）, and different opportunistic pathogens were detected. The results showed that the DOC concentration and the disinfection by-products including trihalomethanes（THMs） and haloacetic acid（HAAs）, such as trichloromethane, dichloroaceticacid, and trichloroaceticacid, could be controlled very well by using UV/H2O2 and active carbon filtration, which could remove the fulvic acid and humic acid.UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation could inactivate the particle-attached and free living bacteria very well. Moreover,BDOC concentration could be controlled by UV/H2O2-active carbon filtration, and the bacteria were hard to regrow and microbial activity was also controlled after being disinfected by chlorine. This treatment process could control the growth of bacteria and OPs including Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium avium very well. Therefore,UV/H2O2-active carbon filtration-chlorination could control DBPs formation and OPs growth in drinking water, and this water treatment process had a good application prospect.