汨罗湘语的消极性完成体标记“干”及其语法化路径

On Negative Perfective Aspect Marker gan(干) and Its Route of Grammaticalization in Miluo Xiang Dialect

湖南汨罗湘语＂干＂可充当完成体标记,表示动作消极性完成,后带多量时间成分,协同表达完成及消极义。＂干＂由消失义过程动词经动相补语阶段虚化而来,其消极义由动词本身的消极结果义滞留所致。＂干＂的语法化路径与东南部方言消极性完成体相同,它们的演变具有规律性,可为其他方言同类语法成分的来源探讨提供支持。

Gan（ 干） in Miluo Xiang dialect can act as a perfective aspect marker,which shows the action has been completed negatively. It has more time-quantity of righteousness in the end and expresses the meaning of accomplishment and negativity coordinately. The perfective aspect marker gan（ 干） derives from the grammatification of negative verb and phase complement gan（ 干）. The negative meaning of this perfective marker can be traced back to the negative meaning of the verb. The route of grammaticalization of gan（ 干） is the same as the negative perfective aspect marker in the southeastern dialects. The evolution has regularity,which can provide supports for the discussions about the origin of the same kind of grammatical elements in other dialects.