自然休眠期生长调节剂对桃芽水分状态的调控

Effect of Plant Growth Regulator on Water State of Nectarine(Prunus persica var.nectariana)During Dormant Period

以"曙光"油桃为试材,采用马林契克法研究了休眠期桃芽水分状态变化及不同休眠阶段生长调节剂对其效应,以期更好地了解生长调节剂对芽体休眠调控的内在机理。结果表明:整个自然休眠期芽体的总含水量呈无规律波动状态;自然休眠前期自由水含量呈上升趋势,至11月上旬达最高值,之后大约有30d的下降期,自12月下旬呈缓慢上升趋势但其最大值仍低于休眠前;束缚水含量变化和自由水相反。生长调节剂对水分状态的影响因使用时期和芽体种类而异:11月5日喷布ABA和GA3均能提高叶芽的自由水含量,而IAA和6-BA使其含量略有下降,12月3日前采样4种生长调节剂对花芽的自由水含量均无显著影响,此后除ABA外均使花芽自由水含量略有上升;12月10日喷布4种生长调节剂均使所有芽体的自由水含量显著上升。因此认为,水分状态和自然休眠进程有关,生长调节剂提早芽体萌发伴随着自由水含量上升。

In this study,the ＇Shuguang＇nectarine（Prunus persica var.nectariana）was used as the test material,the changes of water state of peach buds during the dormant period were studied with Marlin Chick method and meanwhile the effects of growth regulators on buds water state were surveyed in different dormant stages,aiming to better understand the mechanism of growth regulators on dormancy control of buds.The results showed that the total water content of the buds in the dormant period was irregularly fluctuating;the free water content in the early stage of dormancy showed an upward trend,reaching the highest content in early November,followed by a 30-day decline period,and showed a slight upward trend since late December,but its maximum value was still lower than that of in early dormant period;the changes of bound water reversed from free water.The effect of growth regulators on water status varied with the period of treatment and the type of buds,ABA and GA3 could increase the content of free water in leaf buds while IAA and 6-BA decreased the content of free water slightly when treated with plant growth regulators on November 5 th,and when sampled before December 3 rd all plant growth regulators did no effect on free water of flower buds,later others except ABA could increase free water slightly;the content of free water increased significantly when spraying plant growth regulators at December 10 th.Therefore,it was believed that the water state was related to the dormancy process,the growth regulators premature bud germination accompanied by the increasing of free water content in buds.