绿色植物缓蚀剂的发展与展望

Review on Plant Extract as Green Corrosion Inhibitor

缓蚀剂是一种以很少的量加入腐蚀介质中就可有效抑制金属腐蚀的物质。一般含有不饱和结构、π键、C、N、S、O等杂原子的有机物容易在金属表面发生吸附,形成一层具有防护作用的保护膜,是能够抑制金属腐蚀的潜在缓蚀剂。植物体富含该类有机物,应用绿色植物(特别是绿色植物的"无用"部分)提取制备缓蚀剂不仅可以实现化工产品的绿色生产,而且能够减轻农业垃圾处理的负担,对于实现生态资源的优化利用具有重要意义。该研究阐述了植物提取物类缓蚀剂的作用机理,综述了绿色植物提取物在缓蚀剂技术中的应用现状,展望了此类天然友好缓蚀剂的发展趋势,以期为新型绿色缓蚀剂的设计和绿色植物的高值化应用提供参考。

Organic compounds containing unsaturated structures,πbond,C,N,S,O and other hetero atoms favor to be adsorbed on the metal surface,forming aprotective film to preventing metals from corrosion,which are potential corrosion inhibitors.Plants are rich in such organic substances and to prepare corrosion inhibitors using the extracts of green plants（especially their＇useless＇ part）can not only obtain green chemical products,but also can reduce the burden of agricultural waste.It will be of great significance for optimizing the implementation of ecological resources.In this study,the corrosion inhibitive mechanism of plants extracts was summarized,the research progress of plants extracts as corrosion inhibitors was reviewed and the development trend of green plants extracts as environmental-friendly corrosion inhibitors was analyzed.It was expected to provide a support for the design of new green corrosion inhibitors and the high-value application of green plants.