病友支持模式对血液透析患者焦虑抑郁状态的影响

Effect of patient support mode on anxiety and depression in hemodialysis patients

目的探讨病友支持模式对初入血液透析患者焦虑、抑郁状态的影响。方法应用方便抽样法选取2015年11月~2017年11月行维持性血液透析并按照纳入排除标准入组的92例初入血液透析患者作为研究对象,再应用随机数字表,将其分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=46),对照组按照血液透析常规护理方式进行护理,观察组同时予以病友支持模式进行护理,干预前和干预后3个月,分别对2组患者的焦虑、抑郁状态进行评价。结果干预3个月后,2组SAS、SDS评分较护理前明显改善,且观察组的得分均低于对照组(焦虑自评量表得分:37.1±8.4比44.9±7.5,t=4.747,P<0.001;抑郁自评量表得分:40.4±7.7比49.0±6.7,t=5.731,P<0.001),差异有统计学意义。结论病友支持模式能有效改善初入血液透析患者的焦虑、抑郁状态,为其树立信心,积极应对透析治疗,值得临床推广。

Objective To explore the effect of patient support mode on anxiety and depression in patients with initial hemodialysis. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to select 92 patients with initial maintenance hemodialysis（MHD） in the period from November 2015 to November 2017 as the research objects. We then used the random number table to divide these patients into observation group（n=46）and control group（n=46）. In control group, patients were treated with routine nursing for MHD patients; in observation group, patients were treated with patient support mode in addition to the routine nursing program.Their anxiety and depression were evaluated before the treatment and after the treatment for 3 months and compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention for 3 months, scores of self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and self-rating depression scale（SDS） significantly improved in the two groups, and were significantly lower in observation group than in control group（SAS： 37.1 ± 8.4 vs. 44.9 ± 7.5, t=4.747, P〈0.001;SDS： 40.4±7.7 vs. 49.0±6.7, t=5.731, P〈0.001）. Conclusions The patient support model can effectively improve the anxiety and depression status and enhance the confidence to actively face dialysis in patients with initial hemodialysis. This model can be widely used clinically.