高原地区与平原地区的孕产妇进行产前保健的状况及妊娠结局的对比研究

Comparison of prenatal care and pregnancy outcome between the maternal in plateau and plains

目的:比较研究高原地区与平原地区的孕产妇进行产前保健的状况及其妊娠的结局。方法:选取2016年12月至2017年12月期间在色达县人民医院进行产前保健的312例孕产妇及同期在温江区妇幼保健院进行产前保健的2035例孕产妇作为研究对象。将在色达县人民医院进行产前保健的312例孕产妇设为高原组,将在温江区妇幼保健院进行产前保健的2035例孕产妇设为平原组。比较两组孕产妇进行产前保健的情况及其妊娠的结局。结果:在高原组孕产妇中,进行产前检查的次数<5次、在妊娠≥23周时第一次接受产前检查、其新生儿出现窒息、娩出足月小于胎龄儿的孕产妇所占的比例均高于平原组孕产妇(P<0.05),进行产前检查的次数≥5次、在妊娠≤12周时第一次接受产前检查、在妊娠13～22周时第一次接受产前检查、出现早产、娩出巨大儿的孕产妇所占的比例均低于平原组孕产妇(P<0.05),其足月新生儿的体重低于平原组孕产妇(P<0.05)。结论:与平原地区的孕产妇相比,高原地区的孕产妇的产前保健意识较为薄弱,其初次进行产检的时间较晚,其新生儿窒息的发生率、足月小于胎龄儿的娩出率、新生儿的死亡率均较高。医疗卫生管理部门应重视并做好高原地区妇女的产前保健工作。

objective： to compare the status of prenatal care for pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes in plateau and plain areas. Methods： a total of 312 cases of pregnant women who had prenatal care in the people＇s hospital of sida county between December 2016 and December 2017 and 2035 cases of pregnant women and children who had prenatal care in wenjiang district maternal and child health hospital during the same period were selected as study objects. A total of 312 cases of pregnant women who have received prenatal care in the people＇s hospital of sida county will be set as the plateau group, and a total of 2035 cases of pregnant women and children who have received prenatal care in wenjiang district will be set as the plain group. Comparison of prenatal care and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups. Results： In plateau group of maternal antenatal examination of the number of 5 times, at 23 weeks gestation or greater, for the first time accept antenatal examination, the neonatal asphyxia, small themselves full-term gestational age of maternal maternal proportion were higher than plain group（P〈0.05）, antenatal examination of the number of 5 or more times, for the first time during pregnancy 12 weeks or less accepting antenatal examination, for the first time in 13 ~ 22 weeks of pregnancy, antenatal examination, appear premature birth, childbirth macrosomia maternal maternal proportion are lower than the plain group（P〈0.05）, the term newborns maternal weight is lower than the plain group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： compared with the pregnant women in the plain area, the pregnant women in the plateau area have a relatively weak awareness of prenatal health care, and the time of the first birth test is relatively late. The medical and health management departments should pay attention to and do a good job of prenatal care for women in the plateau area.