鱼类遗传育种发展现状与展望

Research Advances and Prospects for Fish Genetic Breeding

鱼类重要经济性状的分子基础解析及其遗传改良技术的创建驱动了我国水产种业的蓬勃发展。在分析我国鱼类遗传育种的起源、发展和现状的基础上,文章总结了在"分子模块设计育种创新体系"的支持下,以银鲫、草鱼和黄河鲤等为研究对象开展的全基因组解析,性别控制、抗病、耐低氧、饲料高效利用等分子模块解析,以及高产抗病异育银鲫新品种培育的研究进展,由此探讨了在集约化和生态化养殖趋势下未来鱼类遗传育种和水产种业的发展方向。

Rapid advances in molecular basis and genetic improvement of economically important traits in fish have led to flourishing development of aquatic seed industry. Based on analyzing the origin,development,and status of fish genetic breeding in China,we mainly summarize recent progresses on complete genome sequencing,identification of molecular modules controlling complex traits including sex control,disease resistance,hypoxia tolerance,and feed efficient utilization,and breeding of a new allogynogenetic gibel carp variety supported by the Strategic Priority Program ＂Innovative System of Designer Breeding by Molecular Modules＂. Moreover,we highlight the future perspectives in modern aquatic seed industry for intensive and ecological aquaculture.