渗灌系统的渗流模型及渗灌管埋深优化研究

Percolation Model of Seepage Irrigation System and Optimization of Buried Depth of Irrigation Pipe

渗灌是一种凭借土壤基质吸力作用对土壤润湿的节水灌溉技术。本文所设计的渗灌系统可以将水均匀灌溉到整个地层中,并且能达到更高的节水目的。该系统主要功能体现在渗灌管埋深位置的优化设置,该设计建立了渗灌系统在人工绿地土壤中的流动数学模型,求解出渗灌系统埋深的最优深度百分比。根据该设计可以求得,一般土壤中以渗灌管为分割的上下土壤厚度最佳比例大约为2:3。进一步,本文对灌溉给水水头以及土壤自然饱和度进行分析,可以得知随着水头的增加,埋深应更深一些,而灌溉时间则会相应增加;自然饱和度的增加会使渗灌管最佳埋深变浅。级配良好的土壤中渗灌管埋深更浅一些;级配良好的砂土会导致其土壤的灌溉时间增加,并且给水水头越小,这种效果越明显。该渗灌系统可模拟优化埋管深度,使渗灌系统在灌溉能力均匀的情况下最大程度上节约水资源,具有较高的理论意义和实际意义。

Percolation is a water - saving irrigation technique that uses the suction effect of the soil matrix to moisten the soil. The percolation system designed in this paper can evenly irrigate water into the entire formation and achieve higher water saving purposes. The main function of the system is embodied in the optimal setting of the depth of the irrigation pipe. This de- sign establishes the mathematical model of the flow of the irrigation system in the artificial green soil and solves the optimal depth percentage of the depth of the irrigation system. According to the design, it can be found that the optimum proportion of the upper and lower soil thickness divided by the infiltration pipe in the soil is approximately 2：3. Further, the analysis of the irrigation head and the natural saturation of the soil shows that as the head increases, the depth should be deeper, and the irri- gation time will increase accordingly; the increase in natural saturation will make the irrigation pipe the best Deeper shallow depth. Well - graded soils have a shallower depth of the infiltration irrigation pipe ; a well - graded sand will lead to an in- crease in the irrigation time of the soil, and the smaller the feedwater head, the more obvious this effect will be. The infiltra- tion irrigation system can simulate and optimize the depth of the buried pipe, so that the infiltration irrigation system can save water resources to the greatest extent under the condition of uniform irrigation capacity, which has a high theoretical signifi- cance and practical significance.