半侧颜面短小畸形患儿口腔最大力的测量分析

Measurement and analysis of maximum bite force in children with hemifacial microsomia

目的探讨半侧颜面短小畸形患儿与同龄正常儿童口腔力大小及分布的差异。方法随机选取自2014年5月至2018年2月在中国医学科学院整形外科医院咨询、就诊的6~10岁半侧颜面短小畸形(hemifacial microsomia,HFM)患儿及颌骨发育正常儿童共74例进行力测量,分为HFM组和正常组。采用第一磨牙/乳磨牙区测量值作为最大力,左右两侧各测3次,分别记录左、右侧最高的数值。同时记录受试者的年龄、性别、咀嚼习惯以及半侧颜面短小畸形患儿的Pruzansky-Kaban分型。综合以上数据,将HFM患儿与同龄正常儿童的测量值相比较,进行统计学分析。结果 HFM组健侧平均最大力为(238.28±61.87)N,与正常同龄儿童平均最大力(256.22±53.58)N相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HFM组患侧平均最大力为(162.14±30.46)N,与正常同龄儿童平均最大力比较,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在HFM患儿中,同一患者的左右侧力分布不平衡,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HFM患儿存在不同程度的力分布不均的特点,较同龄正常儿童而言,其患侧力减弱,健侧基本可代偿。

Objective To explore the difference in biting force strength and distribution between children with hemifacial microsomia and normal children of same age.Methods From May 2014 to February 2018,a total of 74 children with or without hemifacial microsomia（HFM）,from 6 to 10 years old,who consulted and visited the Plastic Surgery Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were randomly selected.All children were divided into either the normal or the HFM group.The measurement value of the first molar/primary molar area was used as maximum biting force.The left and right side was measured 3 times and the maximum value was recorded.Age,sex,biting habits,and Pruzansky-Kaban classification data were also recorded.Based on the above data,the measurement value of the HFM and normal children was compared and statistically analyzed.Results In the HFM group,the average maximum bite force on the unaffected side was（238.28 ± 61.87） N,and in the normal group was（256.22 ± 53.58） N,showing no significant difference between both groups（P 0.05）.The average maximum bite of the affected side in HFM group was（162.14 ± 30.46） N,showing multivariate difference compared to normal children of the same age（P 0.01）.In the HFM group,the bite force distribution of teeth on the right and left side in the same patient was unbalanced.A significant statistical difference（P 0.05） exists.Conclusion Children with hemifacial microsomia have an unbalanced biting force distribution.Compared with normal children of the same age,the biting force of their affected side was weak,and the healthy side was basically compensating.