人工合成小麦改良品系的种子表型性状分析

Phenotypic Analysis of Grain Traits in Improved Lines of Synthetic Wheat

为评价人工合成小麦在青海小麦育种中的价值,以528份人工合成小麦改良品系为研究对象,对种子长、宽、长宽比、面积、密度指数和千粒重等6个种子表型性状进行了比较分析。这些性状的变异系数在4.61%~18.40%之间,表明供试材料种子表型变异较大;千粒重与长宽比的相关性呈极显著负相关,而与其他4个性状间的相关性均达到了极显著正相关水平;主成分分析将6个种子表型性状分为3个主成分,其累计贡献率超过99%;排列在前十的各个人工合成小麦改良品系在相同耕作和栽培条件下,其千粒重、种子面积、种子宽度和种子长度方面,均显著高于对照品种高原338,说明它们在高产育种中具备很大的应用潜力。

In order to evaluate the value of synthetic wheat in Qinghai province, six grain traits（length, width,length-width ratio, area, density index, and thousand-grain-weight） of 528 derivatives from synthetic hexaploid wheat were analyzed. Their variation coefficient ranged from 4.61% to 18.40%, indicating the seed phenotypic variation of the tested material was large. Thousand-grain-weight was extremely significantly negatively correlated with length-width ratio while highly significantly correlated with the rest four traits. The principal component analysis divided six grain phenotypic traits into three principal components, and its cumulative contribution rate accounted for over 99%. Under the same conditions of tillage and cultivation, the improved lines of synthetic wheat ranked in the top ten had significantly higher value than the control cultivar Gaoyuan 338 in thousand-grainweight, area, width and length, indicating that they had great application potential for high-yield breeding.