铁皮石斛生长状况调查及影响因素分析

Analysis of Influence Factors and Growth Status Investigation of Dendrobium officinale

本研究通过调查附生于自然林中青冈树上1年的铁皮石斛生长状况,研究不同自然生境条件、附生树围、附生高度、种植朝向、郁闭度和母株数对植株生长的影响。结果表明,仿野生铁皮石斛适宜生长条件为通风良好、郁闭度30%~70%、附生高度1.0~2.0 m的位置,以4~6株母株为1丛种植效果较好。反之,地势低洼、通风欠佳的山谷和附生高度0.5~1.0 m内的铁皮石斛生长都较差;在郁闭度大于70%的生境中,植株软腐病发病率较高(约18.97%);母株数大于6株的铁皮石斛分株率低于100%。种植朝向(朝东和朝西)对铁皮石斛生长没有决定性影响。本研究通过探索仿野生铁皮石斛适宜生长条件,为提高铁皮石斛种植效益提供了研究依据。

The study estimated the influence on the growth of 1-year Dendrobium officinale that was epiphytic in natural oriental white oak under different natural habitat conditions, epiphytic tree rounds, epiphytic height,planting towards, canopy density and number of stock plant. Results showed that well ventilated and canopy density of 30%- 70% as well as planting height of 1.0-2.0 m was the best planting conditions for Dendrobium officinale with 46 strains of stock plant for 1 bundle for better planting effect. On the contrary, the location of low-lying and poorly ventilated valley or planting height of 0.5-1.0 m on tree was repressed the growth of Dendrobium officinale. Habitat condition of canopy density above 70% was beneficial for the growth of rot disease（18.97%）. Dendrobium officinale which the stock plant was more than 6 strains was less than 100% on average tillering rate. The planting towards（facing east or west） had no much decisive effect on the growth of Dendrobium officinale. Through exploring the op timal growth conditions of the imitative wild Dendrobium officinale, the study might provide research basis for the improvement of planting benefits of Dendrobium officinale.