分式分次环、分式分次模与分次局部化方法

Graded Ring of Fractions, Graded Fractional Module and Method of Graded Localization

局部化（Localization）方法是交换代数中一个重要工具，通过研究一个代数簇（AlgebraicVariety）在某点或某点附近的局部性质，往往可以把握代数簇的整体特性。局部化方法已成为整个代数学中一个有效的一般方法。本文引进分式分次环（Gradedringoffractions）、分式分次模（Gradedfractionalmodule）以及分次局部化（Gradedlocalization）方法的概念，并对它们进行了系统的研究。所得结论推广和改进了文献[1]中的若干结果。

Method of localization is a important tool in Commutative Algebra. The whole properties are always obtained by studying local properties of Algebraic Variety. Methed of lcrslization turn into a effectively general way in the whole Algebra. In this paper, the concepts of graded ring of fractions and graded fractional module, graded localization method are intreduced, and their corresponding properties are studied. The tvinclusions extend and improve some known results in the paper[1].