海泡石及改性海泡石在水污染治理中的研究与应用进展

Progress in research and application of sepiolite and denaturalized sepiolite in water pollution control

海泡石是一种具有吸附活性的天然硅酸盐黏土矿物,在水污染治理中可作为一种低成本、高效和易再生的吸附剂.介绍了海泡石处理有机染料、含油废水、养殖废水、铝材切削液废水、垃圾渗滤液、腐殖酸、氨氮、微囊藻、果糖、双酚A、丙酮、甲苯、氯苯、六氯丁二烯、苯乙烯、萘、菲、十溴联苯醚、氯草敏、苯噻酰草胺、有机磷、阿特拉津等有机污染物和重金属、有害非金属、硝酸盐、含氟废水、放射性核素等无机污染物的效果.天然海泡石对部分污染物的吸附率较低,而海泡石经物理或化学改性后可明显提高对部分污染物的吸附效果.在此基础上,总结了海泡石作为环境保护用吸附剂存在的问题,并展望了今后的研究方向.

Sepiolite, a natural silicate clay mineral with adsorption activity, is a kind of adsorbent with low cost, high efficiency and good regenerative power in water pollution control. Its effects on the treatment of organic pollutants and inorganic pollutants are introduced in this paper. The former includes organic dyes, oily wastewater, aquaculture wastewater, aluminum cutting fluid wastewater, landfill leachate, humic acid, ammonia nitrogen, microcystis, fructose, bisphenol A, acetone, toluene, chlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, styrene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, decabromodiphenyl ether, chloridazon, mefenacet, organophosphorus and atrazine, and the latter involvs heavy metal, harmful nonmetal elements, nitrates, fluoride-containing wastewater, radionuclide. The results show that the natural sepiolite＂ s adsorption of certain pollutants is quite weak, but if it is denaturalized by either physical or chemical method, its adsorption power can be greatly enhanced. On this basis, the existing problems of sepiolite used as an adsorbent for environmental protection are summarized, and its future research directions are also pointed out.