3种赤霉素合成抑制剂对蓖麻株高和开花的影响

Effects of Three Gibberellin Biosynthesis Inhibitors on Plant Height and Flowering of Ricinus communis

以株型高大的滇蓖2号蓖麻为试验材料,分别使用3种不同浓度的赤霉素合成抑制剂(多效唑(100,300,500 mg/L)、缩节胺(100,300,500 mg/L)和矮壮素(500,1 000,2 000 mg/L))对其长出7～8片真叶时进行4次喷施处理,调查和研究蓖麻株高、主穗位高、主茎节长、主茎粗和分枝数等农艺性状、生育期和主穗雌雄比例的变化。结果表明,赤霉素合成抑制剂多效唑对蓖麻生长的抑制最强,缩节胺次之,矮壮素最差。其中,不同浓度多效唑处理组中,高浓度处理组(500 mg/L)具有长期抑制作用,除蓖麻主穗位高和主茎节长具有明显缩短外,对其主茎粗和分枝数也都具有显著影响;在缩节胺处理试验中,抑制作用也随着浓度的增加效果越发明显;而矮壮素的抑制作用仅表现为主穗位高和主茎节长缩短。此外,缩节胺和矮壮素的抑制作用在蓖麻生长后期被解除。研究还表明,经多效唑处理后的蓖麻开花期推迟,主穗花序雌雄比例较未处理的研究组明显降低。研究首次发现,多效唑抑制蓖麻生长的同时具有促进雄花的作用,其可为蓖麻矮化育种和性别分化研究奠定基础。

To investigate the dwarfing and flowering effects of Gibberellin （GA）biosynthesis inhibitors on Ricinus communis,Dianbi 2 type plants were treated with three GA biosynthesis inhibitors with three concentrations： paclobutrazol（PP333）（100, 300,500 mg/L） , mepiquat chloride （DPF）（100, 300, 500 mg/L）and chlorocholine chloride （CCC）（500, 1 000, 2 000 mg/L） , for fourtimes at early 7-8 leaf stage in the fields, respectively. Related agronomic characteristics（including plant height（PH） , bearing height ofprimary raceme（PRH） , length of main stem internode（MSIL） , main stem diameter（MSD） , branches number（BN）） , squaring stage,blooming stage and ratio of female to male were observed. The result indicated that PP333 exhibited the strongest inhibition among thethree GA biosynthesis inhibitors, then the DPF. During the different concentrations of PP333 treatment, the 500 mg/L group showed thelong-term inhibition not only on shortening the PRH and MSIL, but also on reducing MSD and BN. The DPF treatment also showed theconcentration-dependent inhibitory effect. However, the inhibition of CCC was only displayed on shortening the PRH and MSIL.Furthermore, the influence of DFT and CCC on Ricinus communis was removed at the latter growing stage. PP333 treatment delayed thesquaring and blooming stages and also reduced the female/male ratio compare to the normal group of Ricinus communis. In summary, wefirstly demonstrated that PP333 showed the growth inhibition and the increased of the ratio of maleness of Ricinus communis, in addition,our investigation also provided the scientific data and foundation for further experimental study about dwarfing breeding and sexdifferentiation of Ricinus communis.