胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝内侧单间室骨关节炎的研究进展

Research progress of high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of medial single compartment osteoarthritis

骨关节炎(OA)是一种以软骨退行性变为主的疾病。该病常见于老年患者,病程末期可致严重的关节畸形,给患者的心理和生理带来极大的痛苦。胫骨高位截骨术(HTO)作为治疗单间室膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)的手术方式,是一种安全、可靠的治疗方式。现已被广大医生及患者接受,特别是年轻患者的接受度更高。该技术的主要目的是改变下肢畸形力线,以延缓或解除内侧间室KOA的退行性改变。HTO一直被认为具有技术简单、手术创伤小、畸形矫正精确、术后恢复快等优点。多年来,随着手术技术的不断创新、内固定的不断改良,手术的适应证变得更为广泛。目前普遍认为HTO是一种比较理想的手术方式,长期临床效果良好。本文对近年来胫骨高位截骨术治疗单间室骨性关节炎的术前选择、手术方式、术后疗效、术后并发症及术后长期疗效进行综述。

Osteoarthritis （OA） is a disease mainly present with cartilage degeneration. It is common in elderly patients and at the end course severe joint deformities may occur, causing great psychological and physical pain to the patient. High tibial osteotomy （HTO） is a sate and reliable surgical method for the treatment of single compartment knee osteoarthritis. It has been widely accepted by doctors and patients, especially among young patients. The mainpurpose of this technique is to modify the lower limb deformities in order to delay or eliminate the degenerative changes of medial compartment osteoarthritis. HTO has been considered to be a simple technology, less surgical trauma, accurate deformity correction, rapid postoperative recovery and so on. Over years, with the continuous innovation of surgical techniques and the continuous improvements of internal fixation, the indications for HTO have been extended. At present, it is generally believed that HTO is an ideal surgical method and can obtain good and long-term clinical results. This article reviews recent preoperative selection, surgical methods, postoperative efficacy, postoperative complications and long-term postoperative efficacy of high tibial osteotomy for single-compartment osteoarthritis.