哲学与民主时代的危险——《扎拉图斯特拉如是说》中“索上舞者”的政治哲学意蕴

Danger in the Era of Philosophy and Democracy: Implication of Political Philosophy for a Tightrope Walker in Also Sprach Zarathustra

"索上舞者"是尼采《扎拉图斯特拉如是说》前言中的关键意象,欲借此表明哲人在民主时代的危险处境。通过细致解读"索上舞者"这一意象,可以揭示出"索上舞者"这个人物之悲剧死亡所传达出的核心意蕴,即哲学在古典时代面临着危险,但在民主时代其处境更为险恶。从扎拉图斯特拉获得的"真理"中,我们或可接近《扎拉图斯特拉如是说》的副标题:一本为所有人又不为任何人所写之书。

In the preface of Nietzsche＇s Also Sprach Zarathustra,a tightrope walker is a key image,by which Nietzsche demonstrates the dangerous situation of philosophers in the era of democracy. Through a careful reading of the image of the tightrope walker,this paper reveals the core implications that the tragic death of this character conveys,exposing that philosophy faces the danger in the classic era,and that is even more dangerous in the era of democracy. From the ＂Wahrheit＂（ truth） which Zarathustra has found,it is possible to approach the subtitle of Also Sprach Zarathustra,namely A Book for None and All.