深圳市毒蛇咬伤的流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of poisonous snakebites in Shenzhen City

目的探讨深圳市毒蛇咬伤的流行病学特征。方法收集深圳市244例毒蛇咬伤患者的病例资料,分析致伤蛇种及受伤患者的性别、年龄、咬伤部位、地点、季节、月份、时间、气温等资料的分布特点。结果深圳市主要致伤蛇种为青竹蛇。受伤患者多为男性,以20~59岁多见;咬伤部位集中在腕、踝关节以下;咬伤地点多发生在草坪、山林、田野等地;毒蛇咬伤集中发生在每年夏秋季,以5~11月为主;傍晚或清晨、气温在27℃~31℃时咬伤人数最多。结论深圳市毒蛇咬伤主要蛇种为青竹蛇,毒蛇咬伤多发生在夏秋季夜间或清晨,以草坪、山林、田野等地多见。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of poisonous snakebites in Shenzhen City. Methods The case data of 244 patients with poisonous snakebites in Shenzhen City were collected. And the distribution characteristics of the data were analyzed,including species of poisonous snakes causing injury,gender,age and bitten parts of the injured patients,and spot,season,month,time and temperature when snakebite occurred. Results The major species of poisonous snakes causing injury in Shenzhen City were green bamboo snake. Most of the injured patients were male and usually between 20 and 59 years old; the injured parts were mainly below the wrist and ankle; the majority of snakebites occurred on the lawns,forests,fields and so on; poisonous snakebites occurred mainly in every summer and autumn,mainly from May to November; evening or early morning topped the time list of snackbites,while the temperature between 27℃ and 31℃ topped the temperature list. Conclusion The species of snakes owning a majority of poisonous snakebites in Shenzhen City are green bamboo snake. Most of poisonous snakebites occur in the evening or early morning in summer and autumn,mainly on the lawns,forests and fields.