不同程度的巨乳症手术方式的选择策略

Selection strategy of operation modes for the different degree of giant breast disease

目的乳房肥大症又被称为巨乳症。该疾病病理基础在于乳腺及周围组织的过度增生,最终将会导致乳房体积发生变化,明显超过正常水平。多种原因可导致乳房肥大,其中一种是乳腺过度增生造成,由于组织的病理性变化导致;另一种为肥胖型,这是导致巨乳症的另一个因素;第三种则为青春型。一旦出现乳房肥大,就只能通过手术加以解决,这是唯一可用于该疾病的治疗方法。根据乳房体积不同可以进行分类,参照目前常用标准分为不同类型。正常状态下为250~300cm3,当超过400 cm3则提示存在肥大情况,以600、800和1 000cm3为界分为轻度、中度和重度肥大。目前已经出现多种关于巨乳缩小整形术的改良术式以减少术后并发症的发生。本文对近年来巨乳缩小整形术的研究进展进行综述,主要涉及患者乳房肥大的程度及下垂情况而选择合适的手术方式及相关术后并发症的预防及治疗。

Objective Mammary hypertrophy is also known as giant breast disease.The pathological basis of the disease lies in the excess hyperplasia of the breast and surrounding tissues, which will eventually lead to changes of breast volume and signifcantly be more than normal levels. There are many reasons which causes to the hypermastia, one of which is the hyperplasia of the breast due to the pathological changes of tissues; the second one is the obese type which is another factor leading to giant breast; the third is hebephrenic type schizophrenia. Once breast enlargement occurs, it can only be resolved by surgery, which is the only treatment available for the disease. According to the different breast volume for classifcation, it can be divided into different types with reference of the current standards commonly used. It is 250~300cm3 under normal state, and suggesting hypertrophy in more than 400cm3, with 600, 800 and 1 000 cm 3 as the boundaries for the classifcation of mild, moderate and severe hypertrophy. In the boundary of 600,800 and 1000cm3, which is divided into mild, moderate and severe hypertrophy. At present, there have been many of improved operation of breast reduction surgery to reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications. In this article, it reviews the research progress of giant breast reduction surgery in recent years, mainly involving the degree of hypermastia and sagging for patients and to choose appropriate operation methods and the relevant prevention and treatment of postoperative complications.