围绝经期女性骨量下降的饮食相关影响因素分析

Diet related factors in perimenopausal women with bone loss

目的研究围绝经期女性骨量下降现况,揭示骨量下降的饮食相关因素。方法因腰部酸痛就诊的围绝经期女性共计385例。使用双能X线骨密度仪测定骨密度。采用自行设计的问卷进行饮食因素等方面的资料收集。应用2检验、秩和检验和多因素logistic回归进行资料分析。结果围绝经期女性总的骨量下降发生率为40. 4%(骨量减少和骨质疏松发生率分别为26. 1%和14. 3%),且随年龄增长呈现逐渐升高的趋势(P <0. 001)。饮食因素中,乳制品和红茶可能是保护因素,而腌熏食物可能是危险因素。结论围绝经期女性存在随年龄增长而发生的骨量下降,且与饮食因素密切相关。在健康宣传中,应提倡围绝经期女性早期食用乳制品,适当饮用红茶,减少腌熏饮食,从而延缓骨量下降,预防骨质疏松性骨折发生。

Objective To investigate the bone loss status and its diet-related factors in perimenopausal women in Guangzhou. Methods All participants were collected from 385 out-patients with low back pain. Bone mineral density was determined using the dual energy X-ray bone densitometer. And a questionnaire mainly on diet habits was administered to peri-menopausal women by the interviewers. Chi-square test,rank sum test and logistic regression were applied for analysis. Results The total prevalence of bone loss was 40. 4% in peri-menopausal women（ Osteopenia：26. 1%; Osteoporosis： 14. 3%）. The prevalence of bone loss was significantly increased by year（ P 〈0. 001）. Among the diet-related factors,dairy and black tea were suggested to decrease the prevalence of bone loss,while pickled food was a risk factor. Conclusion In peri-menopausal women,bone loss increases by year. And bone loss is correlated to dietary factors. Early consumption of dairy products and black tea and reduction in pickled diet should be advocated to postpone the bone loss and prevent the occurrence of osteoporotic fracture.