云南边境民族地区学生辍学的现状、原因及对策

The Current Situation,Reasons and Countermeasures of Student Drop-Out in Yunnan Ethnic Minority Border Areas

调查发现,近年来云南边境民族地区义务教育阶段的"因贫辍学"现象逐渐减少,"非贫辍学"现象却逐年增多。具体来说,辍学呈现非贫辍学日渐凸显、隐性辍学比例增大以及地域、性别、学段特征明显等特点。辍学对学生身心发展及民族地区经济社会发展、社会治安等带来消极影响。造成辍学新问题的原因涉及社会环境、家庭环境、政府管理、学校教育及学生自身等诸多方面。对此,应通过夯实主体责任、加强教育精准扶贫、提高基础教育质量等方式,确保"控辍保学"目标的有效实现,为云南边境民族地区学生成长和家庭幸福打下坚实的教育基础。

The survey found that the phenomenon of ＂poverty-caused drop-out＂ in compulsory education in Yunnan ethnic border areas has gradually decreased in recent years,while the phenomenon of ＂non-poverty-caused drop-out＂ is gradually increasing.At the same time,non-poverty-caused drop-out is increasingly prominent,and the proportion of hidden dropouts is increasing,showing obvious regional characteristics,gender characteristics and characteristics of learning stages.Student drop-out has negative effects on students＇ physical and mental development,economic and social development in ethnic areas and social security.The reasons for this problem are very complicated,including many factors such as social environment,family environment,gvernment management,school education and students themselves.In this regard,we should ensure the effective realization of the goal of ＂ensuring enrollment while reducing drop-outs＂ by strengthening the responsibility of the main body,increasing the precision of education and improving the quality of basic education so as to lay a solid educational foundation for the growth of students and family happiness in the border ethnic areas of Yunnan.