内隐和外显测量对利他行为的预测:来自IAT和BIAT的证据

Implicit and Explicit Measure Predict Altruistic Behavior:Evidence from IAT and BIAT

利他行为是指人们自愿付出一定代价做出的有益于他人的行为。该研究以联结性-推理性评价模型为理论基础探讨内隐和外显测量对利他行为的预测效度,研究以193名大学生为被试,将4种内隐利他测量方法和1种外显利他测量方法相结合,以自发性水平不同的3种利他行为为结果变量。结果发现,IAT和BIAT的信度和效度较好,BIAT尤其值得采用。内隐利他自我概念测量能有效地预测真实情境中自发性较高的捐助行为,外显测量则预测了意识控制下自我报告的利他行为。结果表明,只有内隐利他自我概念测量能预测真实情境中快速发生的利他行为。其作用是外显利他测量和内隐利他态度测量所不能代替的。

Altruistic behavior means peoplevoluntarily do good for other individual although they may pay the price. Being based on Associative-Propositional Evaluation Model,this study aimed to test predictive validity of implicit and explicit measures to altruistic behavior. 193 university students were subjects,four implicit measures and one explicit measure were designed,the outcomes were three kinds of behavior with different spontaneous level. The results showed that IAT and BIAT had the best psychological properties and BIAT was valued to be adopted particularly. Implicit altruistic self concept predicted donation with high spontaneity in real situation,explicit altruism measures predicted self-reported altruistic behaviors under the control of consciousness. The results indicated that only implicit altruistic self concept can predict quickly produced altruistic behavior in real situation,which cannot be replaced by implicit altruism attitude assessment.