被遗忘权的概念分析——以分析法学的权利理论为工具

The Analysis of the Concept of the Right to Be Forgotten: Taking the Right Theory of Analytical Jurisprudence as a Tool

被遗忘权针对的主要是已经公开的个人信息,其旨在使已经公开的个人信息重新进入隐私领域。被遗忘权与删除权属于不同层面的问题。删除权是实现被遗忘权的手段,被遗忘权是删除权的请求权基础。被遗忘权是典型的新兴权利,其与狭义的隐私权存在诸多不同点。被遗忘权既有特权的面向又有请求权的面向,但其最为核心之处则是请求权的面向。利益论和意志论都能解释被遗忘权,其在解释力上各有优劣。在对被遗忘权的保护上,可以将被遗忘权视为一种兜底性的人格权,在其他具体人格权的救济手段穷尽时,起到删除个人信息、维护人格利益的作用。

The right to be forgotten is mainly aimed at personal information that has been published.It attempts to migrate personal information from a public sphere to a private sphere.The right to be forgotten and the right to delete belong to different levels.The right to delete is the means to realize the right to be forgotten,and the right to be forgotten is the basis of the right to delete.The right to be forgotten is a typical emerging right,which has many differences from the narrow sense of privacy.The right to be forgotten has both the dimensions of the right of privilege and the right of claim,but the core of it is the right of claim.Interest theory and will theory can explain the right to be forgotten,and they have their own advantages and disadvantages in explaining.In the protection of the right to be forgotten,the right to be forgotten can be regarded as a particular kind of personal personality.When the relief means of other specific personality rights are exhausted,personal information can be deleted and personality interests can be protected.