黑山共和国职业教育现状与发展对策

Current Situation and Development Measures of TVET in Montenegro

黑山形成了完整的教育体系,在学生完成8年义务教育后,可以选择去普通学校或职业学校继续学习.中等教育主要由文科中学、综合中学、职业学校和艺术学校组成.文科中学和艺术学校提供4年制教育,职业学校分别有2年、3年和4年制教育.在正规教育体系外,《国家职业资格法》赋予了非正规学历教育人群获得相应资格的权利和途径.当前,从黑山劳动力人口的教育现状来看,工作后接受再教育和专业培训的投资不足,其相关指标与欧盟的平均水平还有一定的差距,应多方面综合采取有针对性的措施,加强黑山职业教育与培训体系建设,促进黑山职业教育与培训体系的现代化.

Montenegro has formed a complete education system. After completing the eight-year compulsory education, students can choose to go to ordinary schools or vocational schools to continue their studies. Secondary education is mainly composed of liberal arts high schools, comprehensive secondary schools, vocational schools and art schools. Liberal arts and Art Schools provide 4-year education, and vocational schools have 2-year, 3-year and 4-year education respectively. Outside the formal education system, the National Vocational Qualifications Act gives the right to people with informal education background to obtain corresponding qualifications and ways. In view of the current education of labor force in Montenegro, there is a lack of sufficient investment in the re-education and training for workers. Its relevant index lags behind the average level of EU. Therefore, multiple measures should be taken to improve and modernize Montenegro＇s vocational education and training system.