耳鸣医师疗法的基本理念

Basic concepts of Yishi Therapy on tinnitus

耳鸣作为一个世界难题,其难治性在于病因与机理不明,中医整体观为揭示耳鸣的发病原因与机理提供了新的视角.医师疗法为基于中医整体观的一个治疗系统,其含义有二：①是治疗耳鸣患者的主体应是医师而不是没有医师资格的其他人;②是医师的作用既要为“医”,更要为“师”,“医”的作用是内治、外治等具体的医疗技术（简称“医术”）,“师”的作用是传道与解惑（简称“师道”）.医师疗法认为,耳鸣的原因是明确的：不良生活方式是主要病因,脾胃失调是主要病机,耳鸣是由于不良生活方式导致脾胃升降失调后智能的机体发出的一种善意的警报,这种声响本身对人体无害.因此强调治养结合,且应以师道为主,医术为辅.师道的核心就是指导患者发现并调整不良生活方式,在这个基础上再因人制宜地酌情选择一些具体的医术进行治疗,如中药治疗等内治法或针灸、按摩导引、声治疗等外治法.在医师疗法的理念中,耳鸣是可以治愈的一种病症,前提是患者良好的配合以及医患双方足够的耐心.

Tinnitus is a world wide difficult problem since it is hard to treat due to unknown cause and mechanism. The holistic concept in Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） provides a new angle to reveal tinnitus＇ cause and mechanism. Yishi Therapy （YST） is a treatment system based on the holistic concept of TCM. It has following two layers of meanings. One is the main party to treat tinnitus patients should be the medical professionals instead of people who are not certified as medical doctors. The other is that the roles of medical professionals consist of being a ＂Yi＂ （medical doctor） and a ＂Shi＂（teacher）. The role of ＂Yi＂ is to provide internal and（or） external treatment techniques （＂Yi Shu＂ in short） and that of ＂Shi＂ is to pass ＂DAO＂ and answer questions （＂Shi Dao＂ in short）. In YST, cause of tinnitus is clear： the main cause is unhealthy lifestyle under which Pi Wei dysfunction is the main pathogenesis,tinnitus is thought as a kind alarm which the intelligent human body sends out caused by dysfunction of Pi Wei ascending and descending due to unhealthy lifestyle, and tinnitus is not harmful for human being. YST emphasizes combination of treatment and maintenance,focusing on Shi Dao,assisted with Yi Shu. The core of YST is to guide patients to identify and adjust their unhealthy lifestyle and then select appropriate and specificYi Shu （e. g. ,internal treatment as TCM medications,or external treatment as acupuncture,massage guidance,sound therapy,etc. ） according to individual situation in each patient. In YST concepts,tinnitus is a disease that can be cured as long as patients have good compliance and both doctors and patients have enough patience.