住院儿童营养风险筛查

Nutritional risk screening for hospitalized children

目的对住院患儿进行营养风险筛查,了解营养高风险比例。方法采用横断面调查,以西安市儿童医院2017年1月1至31日的1个月内所有新入院患儿为研究对象,应用儿科评估营养不良的筛选工具(STAMP)进行营养风险评分,以≥4分为高风险患儿(共9分)。结果在入选的5 292名患儿中,年龄为0~15岁,高风险的比例为14.1%,风险最高的前五名科室为儿童危重监护病房(PICU)、新生儿监护病房(NICU)、新生儿外科、肾脏科、神经外科。内外科系统高风险检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.069,P>0.05)。住院患儿营养不良发生率为9.8%(519/5 292)。结论住院患儿高营养风险主要分布在PICU、NICU、新生儿外科、肾脏科、神经外科,因此应加强以上科室的营养管理,加强医护合作。

Objective To screen the nutritional risk and investigate the proportion of high risk group for hospitalized children.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in patient children hospitalized in all departments in Xi＇an Children＇s Hospital during January in 2017,and Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics（STAMP）was used for risk scoring.Children with 4 or above points were considered as high risk children（total point of 9）.Results A total of 5 292 children aged 0-15 years were included,and 14.1% of them were classified with high risk of developing malnutrition.The top 5 departments with high risk were PICU,NICU,neonatal surgery,nephrology department and neurosurgery.There was no significant difference in the detection rate of high risk between internal and external surgical system（χ2=1.069,P〉0.25）.The incidence of malnutrition in hospitalized children was 9.8%（519/5 292）.Conclusion The high malnutritional risk of hospitalized children are mainly distributed in PICU,NICU,neonatal surgery,nephrology department and neurosurgery.Therefore,nutrition management should be strengthened in health care in cooperation of doctor,nurse and nutritionist.