结核分枝杆菌与先天免疫细胞相互作用的研究进展

Progress on the interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and innate immune cells

结核病（TB）是由结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）引起的，主要感染先天免疫细胞。先天免疫细胞通过确定肺中的炎症环境，促进适应性免疫应答的产生，充当针对Mtb感染的免疫应答的“效应器”。然而，先天免疫细胞也是细菌复制的潜在“培养基”，容易被Mtb调节，使其逃避免疫应答。Mtb和先天免疫细胞早期相互作用较为复杂，本文就Mtb与巨噬细胞、树突状细胞、中性粒细胞和自然杀伤细胞的相互作用进行综述。

Tuberculosis （TB） is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis（Mtb） and mainly infects innate immune cells. Innate immune cells promote the generation of adaptive immune responses by determining the inflammatory environment in the lungs and act as ＂Effector＂ for the immune response against Mtb infection. However, innate immune cells are also potential ＂Medium＂ for bacterial replication and are easily regulated by Mtb, allowing it to escape immune response. The early interaction between Mtb and innate immune cells is more complex. This article discusses the interaction between Mtb and macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and natural killer cells.