在用Q370R和Q420R无水氨罐车母材与介质相容性研究

Research on Compatibility Between the Base Metal of the Anhydrous Ammonia Tanker Body Made by Q370R or Q420R and the Anhydrous Ammonia

本文以在用Q370R和Q420R无水氨罐车母材与介质相容性为研究对象。通过分析无水氨对低合金钢材料的应力腐蚀机理、裂纹形态特征、力学因素、环境因素、冶金因素,从设计、制造、出厂控制、用户使用要求等多角度提出了应力腐蚀防止措施。然后对在用2年以上的两台无水氨罐车罐体内部进行表面荧光磁粉检测及金相分析,并根据检测分析结果以及近7年以来的无水氨罐车的安全使用记录验证了采用应力防止措施的在用罐车母材与无水氨介质的相容性。

In this paper, the compatibility between the base material of a road tanker made by Q370R or Q420R and anhydrous ammonia was studied. The principle of stress corrosion induced by anhydrous ammonia, along with the characteristics of crack, mechanical factor, environmental factor and metallurgical factor, was analyzed. Based on the results from the analysis, we have presented a lot of proposals, including design, fabrication, quality control,and daily use, to prevent the stress corrosion from happening. Meanwhile, we also performed the surface quality by fluorescent magnetic powder and metallographic analysis on two road tankers which have been put into service for two years. The compatibility between the Q370R and Q420R and anhydrous ammonia is verified in accordance with the analyzed results and seven years excellent safety records on anhydrous ammonia road tanker.