变异与误读:论马雅可夫斯基对“十七年”诗人的影响——以郭小川、贺敬之为例

Variation and Misreading:the Influence of Mayakovsky on the “Seventeen Year” Poets:Taking Guo Xiaochuan and He Jingzhi as Examples

马雅可夫斯基在新中国"十七年"形成影响事实的同时也受到"十七年"现实语境及传统文化的过滤,以郭小川、贺敬之为代表的"十七年"诗人在热情宣扬马雅可夫斯基的同时,其接受行为已然发生了变异。由于深受苏联对马雅可夫斯基带有选择性介绍的影响,我国文艺界忽略了其未来主义思想中的分裂性、虚无性及俄罗斯民族文化中一些固有的悲剧性精神,在一定程度上造成了对马雅可夫斯基诗歌的误读。马雅可夫斯基对"十七年"诗人的影响并非"直接而深远",而是具有一定的间接性、复杂性和浅层性。

Mayakovsky has formed a factual impact on the ＂seventeen years＂ of new China. At the same time, the influence was also filtered by the realistic context and the traditional culture of the ＂seventeen years＂. The ＂Seventeen Year＂poets, represented by Guo Xiaochuan and He Jingzhi, had undergone a variation in their acceptance behavior while they publicized Mayakovsky enthusiastically. Owing to greatly influenced by the former Soviet Union, who introduced Mayakovsky with selectivity, the tragic spirit which was made up of the characteristics of fissility and nihilism in his futuristic thought and the Russian national culture was neglected by Chinese literary and art circles. To some extent, it has caused some misreading of Mayakovsky＇s poetry. Mayakovsky＇s influence on the ＂Seventeen Year＂ poets is not ＂direct and profound＂,but with a certain degree of indirectness, complexity and superficial nature.