论近代以来相声演出载体的变迁

Changes of Chinese Cross Talk's Performing Carrier in Modern China

近代以来,中国相声经历了产生发展、成熟、再创新三个发展阶段,与之相对应的载体也经历了露天演出场所(即撂明地)、茶馆、杂耍场等传统演出场所到广播、电视、网络等现代媒体的转变。撂明地虽使相声艺人的队伍规模扩大,但使相声内容低俗化;茶馆和杂耍场的进一步发展,使相声内容走向文明化,同时也提升了演员的技艺;广播、电视及网络等媒体促使相声回归小剧场,并推广了相声。近代以来相声演出载体的变迁,为相声艺术的发展、舞台艺术的革新及相声剧本的改进提供了契机,促使相声艺术走向成熟与再创新。

In modern times,the development of Chinese Cross talk experienced three stages of development,maturity and innovation. Its performing carrier has undergone changes from such traditional venue as fair（ that is,open place）,tea house and jugging garden to such modern media as radio,television and network. Performance on open space has expanded the team of crosstalk artists,however,it has made the content of cross talk vulgarized. The development of tea house and jugging garden has made the cross talk become more civilized. At the same time,the skills of artists are promoted a lot. Media such as radio,television and the Internet helped to bring cross talk back to small theaters and promoted it,simultaneously. Since the modern times,the change of the carrier of cross talk has provided an opportunity for its development,its script’s improvement,and the innovation of stage art,and has promoted the maturity and innovation of this kind of art.