同伴教育联合专题讲座对广东某高校大学生AIDS健康教育的效果

Efficacy of Peer Education Combined with Special Lecture in AIDS Health Education among Students at a College in Guangdong

目的评价同伴教育联合专题讲座对广东某高校的大学生获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)健康教育干预的效果。方法将336名广东省某高校大学生按干预方式的不同分为同伴教育组(A组,n=112)、同伴教育联合专题讲座组(B组,n=114)和对照组(C组,n=110)。A组采用同伴教育,B组采用同伴教育联合专题讲座,C组不接受任何健康教育。采用自制的问卷调查表对3组进行问卷调查。结果 A、B 2组对AIDS健康教育的需求率均明显低于C组,对母亲怀孕,分娩或哺乳可传播AIDS及蚊子叮咬不会传播AIDS的知晓率和对性交时能(要求)使用安全套、愿意与人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)朋友继续来往、不愿意为HIV感染者保密的回答正确率均明显高于C组(均P<0.05);A组对共用水杯、餐具、睡具可感染AIDS及接吻可感染AIDS、对安全套是AIDS预防的必要措施、吸毒(尤静脉吸毒)可传播AIDS的知晓率和B组对咳嗽、打喷嚏不会传播AIDS及对安全套是AIDS预防的必要措施知晓率均明显高于C组(均P<0.05)。结论对大学生在AIDS相关传播方式及AIDS相关态度行为等方面知识的教育宜采取同伴教育的方式,而在AIDS相关传播途径及AIDS相关知识的教育方面则宜采取同伴教育与专题讲座相结合的方式。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of peer education combined with special lecture in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS） health education among students at a college in Guangdong.Methods According to different intervention methods,336 students from a university in Guangdong were divided into three groups：group A（n 112）,students received peer education alone; group B（n 114）, students received peer education combined with special lecture;group C（n 110）, students were not given health education. A self designed questionnaire was used to conduct the survey.Results Compared with group C,the demand rate for AIDS health education decreased,but the awareness rates of AIDS transmission routes（AIDS virus can be transmitted via pregnancy,delivering or breast{eeding, but not by mosquito bites） and the correct answer rates of using condoms during sexual intercourse,willing to continue to contact with hum sleeping equipment an immunodeficiency virus（HIV） infected friends and unwilling to keep secret for HIV infected people increased in both group A and group B（P 〈 0. 05）. Furthermore, the awareness rates of knowledge about equipment,kissing and drug use（esp way to AIDS prevention in group A awareness rates of knowledge about HIV transmission via drinking cup, eating utensils, sleeping ecially intravenous drug use） and condom use as an essential were higher than those in group C（P〈0.05）.Moreover,the HIV non transmission through coughing or sneezing and condora use as an essential way to AIDS prevention in group B were higher than those in group C （P〈0.05）.Conclusion Peer education should be performed for health education of knowledge a bout AIDS transmission ways and its related attitudes and behaviors among university students.However,it is advisable to adopt a combination of peer education and special lectures in the education of AIDS transmission routes and its related knowledge.