TET1蛋白去甲基化作用及其对肿瘤影响的研究进展

Research Progress in TET1-Mediated Demethylation and Its Effect on Carcinoma

TET(ten eleven translocation)家族蛋白是DNA甲基化过程中的重要调节因子,包括TET1、TET2和TET3,属于α-酮戊二酸(α-KG)和Fe2+依赖的双加氧酶。TET蛋白能将5-甲基胞嘧啶(5mC)氧化生成5-羟甲基胞嘧啶(5hmC),是TET蛋白发挥去甲基化作用的基础。TET蛋白对胚胎发育、生殖细胞形成及骨髓造血等具有重要作用。TET1蛋白在癌细胞和癌组织中的含量明显低于癌旁组织,提示TET1蛋白的DNA去甲基化作用对肿瘤的发生、发展具有一定影响。文章综述TET1蛋白发挥去甲基化作用的机制及其在肝癌、胃癌和结肠癌等中的最新研究进展,为肿瘤的预后和治疗作参考。

Ten eleven translocation（TET） family proteins（TET1 ,TET2 and TET3） belong to isa ketoglutarate（a-KG） and Fe2＋ dependent dioxygenase.As the important regulatory factors in DNA methylation,TET proteins are implicated in demethylation process through oxidizing 5mC to 5 hydroxymethylcytosine（ShmC）.TET proteins play an important role in embryonic development, germ cell formation and hematopoietic function. The expression of TET1 protein in cancer tissues is significantly lower than that in adjacent non tumor tissues,indicating that TET1 protein may be involved in the occurrence and development of tumor. This paper reviews the demethyla tion mechanism of TET1 protein and its roles in liver cancer,gastric cancer and colon cancer and provide a new reference for tumor prognosis and treatment.