木质素磺酸钠/三聚氰胺甲醛微球泡沫的制备及表征

Preparation and properties of lignosulfonate/melamine formaldehyde microsphere foam

利用价格低廉的木质素磺酸钠作为添加剂,制备了具有微球结构的木质素磺酸钠/三聚氰胺甲醛(LS/MF)微球泡沫。采用FTIR研究了微球泡沫固化过程中时间的变化,分析其固化过程,并结合理论计算分析了LS与MF的交联反应机制,研究了LS的添加含量对所制备的LS/MF微球泡沫性能的影响,利用SEM分析了LS/MF微球泡沫的微观形貌。研究表明:添加LS制备的泡沫微球尺寸均匀,直径在3μm左右,并具有二级结构,大的微球表面有大量的200nm左右的小微球粒子产生;LS含量为15wt%时,所制备的LS/MF微球泡沫的性能最佳,此时LS/MF泡沫的导热系数低至0.0216 W(m·K)^(-1),比未添加LS的MF泡沫降低了20%。因此,利用LS替代多聚甲醛制备的LS/MF微球泡沫具有更优异的保温性能,且方法简单,成本低廉,具有潜在的应用前景。

Lignosulfonate/melamine formaldehyde（LS/MF）microsphere foam was prepared by a facilemethod.Both FTIR and theoretical calculations were applied to explore the reaction mechanism of LS and MF,the effects of dosage of LS on properties were investigated,and the morphology of the LS/MF was studied by SEM.The results show that the prepared LS/MF is constructed by hollow spheres with about 3μm diameter.Compare to MF foam without LS,the obtained LS/MF hollow sphere foams have the secondary structure：the particles about 200 nm adhere to the spheres surface.LS/MF sphere foam prepared with 15 wt% LS shows excellent properties.By this condition,the thermal conductivity coefficient of LS/MF is 0.0216 W（m·K）^-1,which is 20%lower than MF without LS.This indicates that the prepared LS/MF sphere foam has excellent thermal insulation property.The LS/MF would have wide application prospect due to the simple preparation method and the low cost.