摘要
【目的】探究南方集体林区的土地利用类型在经济和政策双重作用下的演变特点,加深了解南方集体林区生态环境的变化路径。【方法】以福建、江西、四川、重庆等为代表的10省1市1980、2000、2015共3期的集体林区遥感影像为基础数据源,以转移矩阵为基础,结合土地利用动态度、土地转变倾向度等指标对南方集体林区土地利用的动态特征进行分析。【结果】1980—2015年,林地、耕地、草地是南方集体林区最主要的3种土地利用类型,其中耕地和草地占比逐阶段减小,林地占比逐阶段增大,其变化速度都有加快趋势:前20年林地面积占比增加了0. 09%,耕地、草地分别减少了0. 43%和0. 07%;而后15年林地面积占比增加了0. 18%,耕地、草地面积分别减少了0. 93%和0. 56%;研究区年变化率最显著的地类是城乡建设用地(3. 27%),年变化率最不明显的地类是林地(0. 02%);南方集体林区综合土地利用动态度为0. 42%,各土地利用类型的土地利用动态度均呈现出前期慢后期快的变化趋势。【结论】近35年间,耕地和城乡建设用地主导了研究区土地利用的净变化,林地主导了研究区土地利用空间位置的变化。受经济和政策等因素的影响,以2000年为分界点,研究区土地利用类型变化速率明显加快,耕地、草地面积减少,林地面积少量增加。
【Objective】Exploring the evolutional characteristics of land use types under the function of economy and policy,especially in the southern collective forest region,plays a critical role in understanding the ecological and environmental changes. 【Method】Based on land use datasets,we established a land use transfer matrix and land use amount models( such as land use degree changes,dynamic degree of land use change,etc.) to analyze the dynamic characteristics of land use in the southern collective forest region with reference to the Landsat images of 10 provinces( autonomous region) and one metropolis in 1980,2000 and 2015,including Fujian,Jiangxi,Sichuan and Chongqing. 【Result】Forest land,cultivated land and grassland were the three main types of land use in the southern collective forest region from1980 to 2015. Cultivated land and grassland area actually reduced year-by-year,while forest land area increased. The transition rates of the three land use types showed an accelerating trend change as follows. In the first 20 years,woodland area increased by 0. 09%,while cultivated land and grassland decreased by 0. 43% and 0. 07%,respectively. Cultivated land area has not increased significantly because of the implementation of the Household Contract System. During the last 15 years,the proportion of woodland area increased by 0. 18%,cultivated land and grassland saw a decrease of0. 93% and 0. 56%,respectively. Forest land area has not increased significantly due to the implementation of reforms in the tenure of farm land to forest and collective forest systems. During the entire study period,the most significant land use type annual change rate is construction land,while the most insignificant land use type is forest land. The compre-hensive land use dynamic degree of the southern collective forest region was 0. 42%. The land use dynamic of all kinds of land use types presented that early change was slow while later change was rapid. 【Conclusion】Over the last 35 years,cultivated land and construction land dominated the net change of land use in the study area,while forest land dominated the change in spatial location. Affected by economic and policy factors,with 2000 as the demarcation point,the rate of change in land use types significantly accelerated in the study area,while area under cultivated land and grassland decreased,and forest land increased slightly.
作者
鲁亚楠
姚顺波
LU Yanan;YAO Shunbo(College of Economics and Management,Center for Resource Economics and Environment Management,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期163-171,共9页
Journal of Nanjing Forestry University:Natural Sciences Edition
基金
国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201504424)
国家自然科学基金项目(71473195)
关键词
南方集体林区
土地利用变化
时空特征
转移矩阵
southern collective forest region
land use change
spatial-temporal characteristic
transfer matrix