近12年云南省云地闪活动变化及雷电灾害时空分布特征

Changes in cloud-to-ground flashes and spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of lightning disaster in Yunnan in recent 12 years

根据云南省近12a(2006~2017)闪电定位监测数据和雷电灾害统计资料,基于ArcGIS空间分析和数理统计方法,分析全省云地闪活动演变规律和雷电灾害的时空分布特征。结果表明:云南省地闪活动频繁,2006~2017年共发生地闪活动6952770次,集中在6~9月,滇中、滇东及滇西北丽江东南部的地闪密度较大,地闪活动活跃。滇西南的西双版纳年平均雷暴日数最多,在95~120d/a之间,地闪电流强度的高值区分布在昭通、迪庆北部、怒江北部和德宏西部。2006~2017年全省共发生雷电灾害1159起,分布在滇中、滇西南地区,雷电灾害的时空分布与地闪活动的分布存在较好的对应关系,6~8月是雷电灾害高发期,普洱、玉溪、西双版纳、昆明的雷电致灾因子活跃,人口分布密集,经济发展程度高,雷电综合风险较高,雷灾频发多发。通过分析云地闪活动与雷电灾害特征,识别雷灾损失类型和分布特点,能够为雷电灾害风险管理、城乡规划等提供客观的技术参考。

Based on the lightning location monitoring data and lightning disaster statistical data from 2006 to 2017 in Yunnan Province, the evolution law of cloud-to-ground lightning activity and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lightning disaster in Yunnan Province were analyzed by means of ArcGIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics. The re- suits show that there are frequent ground flashes in Yunnan Province, with an average annual occurrence of 579,398, mostly from June to September. The densities of ground flashes in central Yunnan, East Yunnan and southeastern Lijiang River of Northwestern Yunnan are relatively high. The average number of thunderstorm days in Xishuangbanna Prefecture of south- western Yunnan is the most, ranging from 95 to 120 d/a. The high-value areas of ground lightning current intensity are distrib- uted in Zhaotong, northern Diqing, northern Nujiang and western Dehong. Frequent occurrence of lightning disasters occurred in central Yunnan and Southwest Yunnan. The spatial and temporal distribution of thunder and lightning disasters corresponds well with the distribution of ground lightning activities. From June to August, it is the high incidence period of lightning disas- ters, the lightning disaster factors active in Pu＇er, Yuxi, Xishuangbanna, and Kunming, where the lightning risks are higher.